{"id":177,"date":"2024-08-23T14:34:51","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T20:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/?p=177"},"modified":"2024-08-23T16:09:40","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T22:09:40","slug":"the-potential-for-ai-expert-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2024\/08\/23\/the-potential-for-ai-expert-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"The Potential for AI Expert Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>By: <a href=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/09\/16\/larry-walker-biographical-sketch-ba-lehigh-university-1963-september-2023\/\">Larry Walker<\/a>, August 2024; Context: <a href=\"https:\/\/tgsoc.org\/papers\/\">AI, Knowledge Systems, ML, &#8230; <\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From 1984 to 1987 Larry Walker led Sperry Univac\u2019s initiative to bring AI Expert Systems technology to the commercial world. Two years after exploring the potential for Expert Systems, the Univac initiative was successful and moving fast. Key measures:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A Five Year, $250 million initiative was endorsed by Sperry\u2019s Chairperson, Gerry Probst and was making rapid progress.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Univac OEM\u2019ed AI hardware from Texas Instruments which captured MIT\u2019s 30 years of AI research in their Lisp language-based computer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Univac purchased the marketing rights to Intellicorp\u2019s Lisp-based operating system, KEE, which captured Stanford\u2019s 30 years of AI research.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dr. Ed Feigenbaum, who created the Expert System technology at Stanford became a member of Sperry Univac\u2019s Board.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Over 350 Univac programmers were working on over 100 Expert System projects spanning every portion of Univac\u2019s global enterprise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One of&nbsp; Sperry\u2019s most senior programmers, John Marsden, reported that the KEE Operating System running on the TI hardware made him 100 times more productive than ever before.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fifty Univac customers had purchased this new AI environment and were working with Univac on custom solutions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forty-three universities had received this AI environment from Univac and were applying it to training Univac\u2019s future employees.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Larry remains certain that if Burroughs had not purchased Univac and stopped this 5-Year Plan, that Univac would have led the world into the dramatic solutions this technology enabled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Larry and four of his Expert Systems team left the new Unisys and founded PEAKSolutions (PEAKS) which proceeded to deliver 39 of 40 contracted expert systems over a 5-year period. PEAKS\u2019 success rested on its unique incremental development approach which it called <a href=\"https:\/\/compassionatehumanitycommunity.org\/blog-1\/2022\/3\/1\/comment-on-the-human-cost-of-ai\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/compassionatehumanitycommunity.org\/blog-1\/2022\/3\/1\/comment-on-the-human-cost-of-ai\">Reflective Knowledge Engineering<\/a> and preceded the Agile approach by years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Route Builder (RB), custom developed for the State of Minnesota,&nbsp; was one of the most robust of these solutions. The State motivation for streamlining this process was to eliminate over 40 crashes into bridges per year. RB worked with the Transportation Department\u2019s to map a safe route through Minnesota\u2019s highway system for oversize, overweight vehicles. RB integrated hundreds of&nbsp; miles of&nbsp; highway detail, weight limits, height clearances for every bridge, and over 400 State laws which mandated the use of certain highways at certain times of the year. RB&nbsp; was the first solution for this complex challenge in the nation and was subsequently sold to 4 more States after Minnesota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite its success, PEAKS succumbed to the AI Winter which struck in the early 90\u2019s &#8212;&nbsp; primarily because many of the companies that rushed into the Expert System world failed to deliver on their promises. They had failed to discover the value of incremental development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Larry then founded Knowledge Management, Inc. which developed a robust <a href=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/10\/02\/creation-of-a-knowledge-engine\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/10\/02\/creation-of-a-knowledge-engine\/\">Knowledge Management Engine (KME)<\/a> working with Nigel Dolby who had excelled at Expert System solutions with Univac. KME used a knowledge base to&nbsp; solve challenging problems. This approach moved programming to the knowledge level, eliminating the most common cause of software errors, the language disconnect between experts and programmers. KME got derailed by the arrival of the Internet which was unable to&nbsp; support KME&nbsp; rich Lisp-based environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>See Also:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/05\/04\/sperry-univac-pioneers-application-of-artificial-intelligence-1985-1987\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/05\/04\/sperry-univac-pioneers-application-of-artificial-intelligence-1985-1987\/\">Sperry Univac Pioneers Application of Artificial Intelligence \u2013 1985-1987<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/09\/16\/adventures-in-truth-engineering-1964-1966\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/09\/16\/adventures-in-truth-engineering-1964-1966\/\">Adventures in Truth Engineering \u2013 1964-1966<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/11\/18\/unintended-consequences\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/2023\/11\/18\/unintended-consequences\/\">Unintended consequences<\/a> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By: Larry Walker, August 2024; Context: AI, Knowledge Systems, ML, &#8230; . From 1984 to 1987 Larry Walker led Sperry Univac\u2019s initiative to bring AI Expert Systems technology to the commercial world. Two years after exploring the potential for Expert Systems, the Univac initiative was successful and moving fast. Key measures: Larry remains certain that&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=177"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":183,"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177\/revisions\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ajswtlk.com\/TruthEng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}